Parathyroid adenoma as a cause of hypercalcemia

There are numerous causes of hypercalcemia, which require a wide differential diagnosis, including parathyroid adenoma, a rare etiology in the pediatric age. Parathyroid adenoma produces an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) that triggers hypercalcemia by increasing gastrointestinal and tubular calcium absorption and increased bone resorption. The initial treatment aims to reduce the calcemia and the definitive treatment consists in the surgical excision of the adenoma, aided of monitoring of intraoperative levels of PTH.

We present the case of a 10-year-old patient with a finding of hypercalcemia in the study of abdominal pain of long evolution, which associated vomiting, anorexia, polyuria and polydipsia. It is a hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma in which it was necessary to use all the therapeutic steps of hypercalcemia finally concluding with surgical excision of the adenoma.