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Vol. 18 - Num. 71

Clinical Reviews

Early diagnosis of Bruton´s disease: the importance of an adequate medical and family history

Ilargi Urriza Ripaa, María Villarreal Calvob, Jorge Álvarez Garcíac, Gabriel Durán Urdánizd, María Antonia Ramos Arroyoe, Mercedes Herranz Aguirref

aMIR-Pediatría. Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
bMIR-Pediatría, Servicio de Pediatría, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
cServicio de Pediatría, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
dServicio de Pediatría, Hospital García Orcoyen. Estella. Navarra. España.
eServicio de Genética, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Pamplona. Navarra. España.
fSección de Enfermedades Infecciosas Pediátricas. Servicio de Pediatría. Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Servicio Navarro de Salud. Pamplona. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA). Pamplona. España.

Correspondence: I Urriza. E-mail: ilargi.urriza@gmail.com

Reference of this article: Urriza Ripa I, Villarreal Calvo M, Álvarez García J, Durán Urdániz G, Ramos Arroyo MA, Herranz Aguirre M. Early diagnosis of Bruton´s disease: the importance of an adequate medical and family history. Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria. 2016;18:e111-e114.

Published in Internet: 09-06-2016 - Visits: 13598

Abstract

Bruton’s disease or X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by severe hypogammaglobulinemia. This causes increased susceptibility to bacterial recurrent infections at young age. It is very important, but difficult, to establish a diagnosis based on suspicion because of the common clinical symptoms of this rare disease. Once XLA is suspected, it is very important to refer the patient to a specialized hospital for specific analysis to confirm the disease. First, a blood analysis is done to see if antibody levels are low. In that case, a fluorocytometric analysis is needed to study the antibody classes. Genetic analysis shows mutation of BTK gene resulting in defective B cell differentiation and it must be done for diagnosis certainty. Treatment is based on intravenous immunoglobulin administration for life. We report a case in which a good clinical history was the key for an early diagnosis and treatment of a patient with Bruton´s disease before any potential complications appeared.

Keywords

Agammaglobulinemia Bruton disease X-linked genetic disease

 

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